Poster presentation. Abstract:We have reported that high glucose and IFN? synergistically stimulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, a proteinase involved in diabetic complications, by U937 mononuclear cells. We also reported that pre-exposure to high glucose and IFN? markedly increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated MMP-1 expression. To understand how high glucose and IFN? augment MMP-1 expression, we analyzed their effect on the expression of IFN? receptor, Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, CD14, and MD-2, a protein associated with TLR4 and conferring LPS responsiveness. Results showed that high glucose and IFN? had no effect on the expression of IFN? receptor, TLR4, and CD14, but stimulated MD-2. IFN? alone stimulated MD-2 expression by 3.4-fold (0.49 vs 0.15, MD-2/GAPDH mRNA) and high glucose alone had no significant stimulation. Interestingly, the combination of high glucose and IFN? further increased MD-2 expression by 1.7-fold as compared to the combination of normal glucose and IFN? (0.85 vs 0.49, p<0.01). These data indicate that MD-2 expression is specifically upregulated by high glucose and IFN?. More interestingly, we found that neutralizing antibody to MD-2 blocked high glucose and IFN?-stimulated MMP-1 expression. The antibody at 2.5 ?g/ml had 70% blocking while control antibody did not have significant effect. Since it is known that transcription factor AP-1 plays a crucial role in MMP-1 expression, we further determined the effect of high glucose and IFN? on the expression of c-Jun and c-Fos, two major subunits for AP-1. Results showed that high glucose and IFN? increased c-Jun expression by 1.8- and 2.1-fold, respectively, but high glucose plus IFN? increased c-Jun expression by 5.2-fold. Similarly, high glucose and IFN?increased c-Fos expression by 2.3- and 1.4-fold, respectively, but high glucose plus IFN? increased c-Fos expression by 3.6-fold. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that high glucose and IFN? stimulate MMP-1 expression in U937 cells by upregulating MD-2 and AP-1 expression.
This study was supported by VA Merit Review grant and NIH grant DE16353 (to Y. H.). Poster design by Lisa M. Fennessy, Art Services, Medical University of South Carolina. College of Medicine. Department of Medicine. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Medical Genetics
