Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. COMMENT: Bile stasis and a micronodular cirrhosis are seen in this example of enzyme deficiency disease. Can also result in a macronodular cirrhosis
Viral hepatitis. COMMENT ON SPECIMENS (#25-29): These illustrate the range of changes seen in autopsy livers from patients dying from viral hepatitis (liver disease or complications therefrom): #25=a liver that is bile stained and shows dark areas of necrosis but is not as massively necrotic as #26 and #27 (these two livers probably less than 800-900 gms) and although these two do not now show the usual maroon appearance, there has been a marked loss of hepatocytes. #28 and #29 show pale nodular areas interspersed in liver parenchyma which histologically demonstrates, besides necrosis, scarring or cirrhosis (#28 less, #29 more scarring). The nodular areas actually represent attempts at regeneration of hepatocytes.
Post-necrotic cirrhosis--Hepatic B viruses. COMMENT ON SPECIMENS (#25-29): These illustrate the range of changes seen in autopsy livers from patients dying from viral hepatitis (liver disease or complications therefrom): #25=a liver that is bile stained and shows dark areas of necrosis but is not as massively necrotic as #26 and #27 (these two livers probably less than 800-900 gms) and although these two do not now show the usual maroon appearance, there has been a marked loss of hepatocytes. #28 and #29 show pale nodular areas interspersed in liver parenchyma which histologically demonstrates, besides necrosis, scarring or cirrhosis (#28 less, #29 more scarring). The nodular areas actually represent attempts at regeneration of hepatocytes.
Post-necrotic cirrhosis with portal vein thrombosis. COMMENT: Specimens (#30-33) all illustrate, whatever the etiology may be, more coarsely nodular (macronodular) livers that usually seen with alcoholic or nutritional cirrhosis, with many of the nodules greater than 1 cm. Broad scars and irregular sized nodules are characteristic.
Post-necrotic cirrhosis; 20 years carbon tetrachloride exposure. COMMENT: Faint fairly large nodules can be appreciated here; there is relatively little fibrosis appreciated grossly. COMMENT: Specimens (#30-33) all illustrate, whatever the etiology may be, more coarsely nodular (macronodular) livers that usually seen with alcoholic or nutritional cirrhosis, with many of the nodules greater than 1 cm. Broad scars and irregular sized nodules are characteristic.
Polyarteritis nodosa with liver and kidney infarcts. Comment: Almost entire left lobe is infarcted--arrow points to thrombosed hepatic artery branch; many arteries (arrows) near the corticomedullary junctions of kidney (probably arcuate arteries) have abnormally thick walls and are thrombosed--infarcts can be seen (arrows).
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Comment: As above. COMMENT ON SPECIMENS (#25-29): These illustrate the range of changes seen in autopsy livers from patients dying from viral hepatitis (liver disease or complications therefrom): #25=a liver that is bile stained and shows dark areas of necrosis but is not as massively necrotic as #26 and #27 (these two livers probably less than 800-900 gms) and although these two do not now show the usual maroon appearance, there has been a marked loss of hepatocytes. #28 and #29 show pale nodular areas interspersed in liver parenchyma which histologically demonstrates, besides necrosis, scarring or cirrhosis (#28 less, #29 more scarring). The nodular areas actually represent attempts at regeneration of hepatocytes.
Nodular hyperplasia of liver. COMMENT: #46 and #48 have well developed scars in the presence of nodular liver tissue, these being the gross characteristics of this lesion (review microscopic characteristics).
Focal nodular hyperplasia of liver.COMMENT: #46 and #48 have well developed scars in the presence of nodular liver tissue, these being the gross characteristics of this lesion (review microscopic characteristics).
Nodular hyperplasia of liver. COMMENT: #46 and #48 have well developed scars in the presence of nodular liver tissue, these being the gross characteristics of this lesion (review microscopic characteristics).
Multiple infarction of liver--ischemic heart disease. Comment: Multifocal areas of infarction are present--easiest to see are white, sharply demarcated, with irregular borders.
Multiple liver cell adenomas . COMMENT(#49 & #50): Good examples of multiple adenomas; areas of infarction/hemorrhage often found (remember microscopic characteristics).
Multiple liver cell adenomas. COMMENT(#49 & #50): Good examples of multiple adenomas; areas of infarction/hemorrhage often found (remember microscopic characteristics).
